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| 96. Cabochon-cut tourmaline, sapphire, citrine, and intricate silver brooch. Frank Gardner Hale. Frank Gardner Hale was one of the great arts and crafts jewelry designers during the early 20th century. He and Edward Oakes are considered the great American arts and crafts jewelers. In jewelry, the arts and crafts movement flourished as patrons in cities other than Philadelphia and New York sought jewelry that was tempered in contrast to the Nouveau Riche exuberance of the two largest American cities. |